Skip to main content
Global Animal Guide

Sloth: Key Facts & Natural History

Quick answer

Sloths are slow-moving tree-dwelling mammals native to the rainforests of Central and South America. They move at around 0.3 km/h (0.2 mph) and sleep up to 15 to 20 hours a day to conserve energy on a low-calorie leaf diet. Wild sloths typically live around 20 years.

By , Founder Last reviewed How we research & review

Key takeaway

Sloths are slow-moving tree-dwelling mammals native to the rainforests of Central and South America. They move at around 0.3 km/h (0.2 mph) and sleep up to 15 to 20 hours a day to conserve energy on a low-calorie leaf diet. Wild sloths typically live around 20 years.

Overview

Sloths are slow-moving tree-dwelling mammals native to the rainforests of Central and South America. They move at around 0.3 km/h (0.2 mph) and sleep up to 15 to 20 hours a day to conserve energy on a low-calorie leaf diet. Wild sloths typically live around 20 years.

Biology

Sloth (Bradypus variegatus) is classified as Mammal with conservation status Least Concern. Typical weight 3.5–6 kg (8–13 lb); lifespan around Around 20 years in the wild.

Ecology

Diet: Herbivore (folivore). Habitat: Tropical rainforest canopy. Movement and social systems reflect those pressures.

People and this species

Learn before you travel or keep related pets. Wild individuals are not toys; captive care needs species-specific husbandry.

Further reading

See the full Sloth profile for FAQs, taxonomy, and related guides on this site.

Built for a slow life

Sloths live life in slow motion to survive on a diet of leaves, which provide very little energy. They have an extremely slow metabolism and can take up to a month to digest a single meal. Their slow movements also make them nearly invisible to predators such as eagles and big cats, which hunt by detecting motion.

Life in the canopy

Sloths spend almost their entire lives hanging upside down in the rainforest canopy, gripping branches with long, curved claws. Their fur grows in the opposite direction to most mammals so rain runs off, and it often hosts algae that gives them a greenish tint and helps them blend into the leaves.

A surprising weekly routine

Despite living in trees, sloths climb all the way to the ground about once a week to defecate, one of the few times they are exposed to ground predators. They are also surprisingly capable swimmers, moving through water far faster than they ever move on land.

Conservation

Most sloth species are listed as Least Concern, but they depend heavily on continuous forest. Deforestation, road building, and power lines are growing threats, and rescue centers across Central and South America help rehabilitate injured and orphaned sloths.

Research notes

Figures for sloths (Bradypus variegatus) come from field studies, museum records, and conservation assessments that do not always agree on exact averages. Prefer ranges over single-point claims, and check whether a source describes wild, captive, or mixed populations.

Practical takeaways

If you encounter sloths in the wild, prioritise distance and local guidance. If you care for related domestic or captive animals, match diet and housing to species needs rather than generic pet advice. Share accurate status information (Least Concern) when discussing conservation.

Sources

FAQs

Sloth: Key Facts & Natural History?

Sloths are slow-moving tree-dwelling mammals native to the rainforests of Central and South America. They move at around 0.3 km/h (0.2 mph) and sleep up to 15 to 20 hours a day to conserve energy on a low-calorie leaf diet. Wild sloths typically live around 20 years.

What is the scientific name of the sloth?

Bradypus variegatus

What do sloths eat?

Herbivore (folivore)

Where do sloths live?

Tropical rainforest canopy

Are sloths endangered?

Listed here as Least Concern. Check IUCN and national lists for the latest assessment.

← Back to Sloth guide