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Global Animal Guide

Red Panda: Key Facts & Natural History

Quick answer

The red panda is a small, tree-dwelling mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China, with rust-red fur, a ringed bushy tail, and a face like a raccoon. About the size of a house cat, it feeds mainly on bamboo and is the only living member of its own family. Red pandas typically live 8 to 14 years and are listed as Endangered.

By , Founder Last reviewed How we research & review

Key takeaway

The red panda is a small, tree-dwelling mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China, with rust-red fur, a ringed bushy tail, and a face like a raccoon. About the size of a house cat, it feeds mainly on bamboo and is the only living member of its own family. Red pandas typically live 8 to 14 years and are listed as Endangered.

Overview

The red panda is a small, tree-dwelling mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China, with rust-red fur, a ringed bushy tail, and a face like a raccoon. About the size of a house cat, it feeds mainly on bamboo and is the only living member of its own family. Red pandas typically live 8 to 14 years and are listed as Endangered.

Biology

Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens) is classified as Mammal with conservation status Endangered. Typical weight 3–6 kg (7–13 lb); lifespan around 8–14 years.

Ecology

Diet: Omnivore (mostly bamboo). Habitat: Temperate Himalayan forest. Movement and social systems reflect those pressures.

People and this species

Learn before you travel or keep related pets. Wild individuals are not toys; captive care needs species-specific husbandry.

Further reading

See the full Red Panda profile for FAQs, taxonomy, and related guides on this site.

Not really a panda

Despite the name and a shared love of bamboo, the red panda is not closely related to the giant panda. It is the sole living species in its own family, Ailuridae, and is more closely related to raccoons, weasels, and skunks. It even has a 'false thumb', an extended wrist bone, for gripping bamboo.

Diet and lifestyle

Red pandas spend most of their lives in the trees, where their reddish coats blend with reddish moss and lichen. They are mainly active at dawn and dusk and eat huge amounts of bamboo to make up for how little nutrition they extract from it, supplementing it with fruit, berries, eggs, and insects.

Surviving the cold

Living in cool mountain forests, the red panda has dense fur even on the soles of its feet and wraps its long, bushy tail around itself like a blanket against the cold. When threatened, it can stand on its hind legs to look bigger and lash out with sharp claws.

Conservation

Red pandas are Endangered, with fewer than an estimated 10,000 left in the wild. Deforestation, fragmentation of their bamboo forests, poaching for fur, and the illegal pet trade are the main threats. Protected reserves and community forestry programs are vital to their future.

Research notes

Figures for red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) come from field studies, museum records, and conservation assessments that do not always agree on exact averages. Prefer ranges over single-point claims, and check whether a source describes wild, captive, or mixed populations.

Practical takeaways

If you encounter red pandas in the wild, prioritise distance and local guidance. If you care for related domestic or captive animals, match diet and housing to species needs rather than generic pet advice. Share accurate status information (Endangered) when discussing conservation.

Sources

FAQs

Red Panda: Key Facts & Natural History?

The red panda is a small, tree-dwelling mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China, with rust-red fur, a ringed bushy tail, and a face like a raccoon. About the size of a house cat, it feeds mainly on bamboo and is the only living member of its own family. Red pandas typically live 8 to 14 years and are listed as Endangered.

What is the scientific name of the red panda?

Ailurus fulgens

What do red pandas eat?

Omnivore (mostly bamboo)

Where do red pandas live?

Temperate Himalayan forest

Are red pandas endangered?

Listed here as Endangered. Check IUCN and national lists for the latest assessment.

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