Quick answer
Adders feed on small mammals, lizards and frogs, adjusting with season, age, and what is abundant in Heathland, moorland, woodland edges, dunes. That label is a preferred pattern, not every item an individual might sample.
Key takeaway
Adders feed on small mammals, lizards and frogs, adjusting with season, age, and what is abundant in Heathland, moorland, woodland edges, dunes. That label is a preferred pattern, not every item an individual might sample.
Adder diet overview
Adders (Vipera berus) are best summarised as Carnivore (small mammals, lizards, frogs). Anatomy and habitat (Heathland, moorland, woodland edges, dunes) decide whether they hunt, graze, filter, scavenge, or mix strategies across the year.
How adders find food
Energy-rich foods are prioritised when available; lean seasons force broader diets or longer travel. Young animals may eat different items or receive food from parents.
Adder role in the food web
As predators or scavengers, adders move nutrients and influence prey or vegetation.
Feeding and human conflict
Never feed wild adders. Habituation raises injury risk and can lead to lethal management. Captive diets must match species needs, not generic pet food rules.
Range and habitat
Adders inhabit Heathland, moorland, and woodland across Europe and into East Asia, reaching within the Arctic Circle; the UK's only native venomous snake. Their preferred habitat includes heathland, moorland, woodland edges, dunes, where they find food, shelter, and breeding sites. Population density varies with prey availability, water access, and human disturbance. Protected areas and intact corridors remain essent
Physical characteristics and behaviour
Adult adders typically measure about 0.8 m in length and weigh roughly 0.1 kg (0 lb). They can sprint at up to 8 km/h (5 mph) when hunting or escaping predators. Adders are known for britain's only venomous snake — social structure, daily activity, and seasonal movements all reflect pressures in their native environment.
Sources
Adder FAQs
What do adders eat?
Adders feed on small mammals, lizards and frogs, adjusting with season, age, and what is abundant in Heathland, moorland, woodland edges, dunes. That label is a preferred pattern, not every item an individual might sample.
What is the scientific name of the adder?
Vipera berus — used in research and conservation listings for adders.
Where do adders live?
They are associated with Heathland, moorland, woodland edges, dunes. Local presence depends on food, cover, and human land use.
What is the conservation status of adders?
Listed in our guides as Least Concern. Check the IUCN Red List and national assessments for the latest formal category.