# Snow Leopard (*Panthera uncia*)

> The snow leopard is a rare big cat native to the high mountains of Central and South Asia, including the Himalayas. Superbly adapted to cold, rugged terrain, it has thick fur, a long tail for balance, and can leap up to 15 m (50 ft). Wild snow leopards typically live 10 to 12 years.

- **Category:** Mammal
- **Conservation status (IUCN):** Vulnerable
- **Range:** The high mountain ranges of Central and South Asia, including the Himalayas.
- **Canonical page:** https://globalanimalguide.org/animals/snow-leopard/
- **Last reviewed:** 2026-07-16

## Scientific classification

- **Kingdom:** Animalia
- **Phylum:** Chordata
- **Class:** Mammalia
- **Order:** Carnivora
- **Family:** Felidae
- **Genus:** Panthera

## Facts at a glance

| Attribute | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Scientific name | Panthera uncia |
| Diet | Carnivore |
| Habitat | High mountains and alpine zones |
| Lifespan | 10–12 years in the wild |
| Weight | 22–55 kg (49–121 lb) |
| Top speed | Up to 65 km/h (40 mph) |
| Conservation status | Vulnerable (IUCN) |

## Built for the cold and the heights

Snow leopards are perfectly adapted to harsh mountain life. Thick fur and a dense undercoat keep them warm, wide furry paws act like snowshoes, and an extremely long, thick tail helps them balance on steep terrain and wraps around the body like a blanket when resting. They can leap up to six times their body length.

## A solitary hunter

Snow leopards are solitary and secretive, so rarely seen that they are nicknamed the ghost of the mountains. They ambush prey such as blue sheep and ibex on steep slopes, using the terrain to launch surprise attacks, and a single large kill can feed a snow leopard for days.

## Habitat and range

Snow leopards live across the high mountain ranges of Central and South Asia, including the Himalayas, the Tian Shan, and the Altai. They roam vast territories at high altitude, following prey up and down the mountains with the seasons. Unlike other big cats, snow leopards cannot roar.

## Conservation

Snow leopards are listed as Vulnerable, threatened by poaching for their fur and bones, retaliatory killing by herders, declining prey, and habitat loss. Because they range across many countries, their protection depends on cross-border cooperation and work with local mountain communities.

## Frequently asked questions

### Where do snow leopards live?

Snow leopards live in the high mountains of Central and South Asia, including the Himalayas, the Tian Shan, and the Altai ranges, usually at high altitude on steep, rugged terrain.

### What do snow leopards eat?

Snow leopards are carnivores that mainly hunt mountain prey such as blue sheep and ibex, along with smaller animals like marmots and hares. A single large kill can sustain them for several days.

### How far can a snow leopard jump?

Snow leopards are remarkable jumpers and can leap up to about 15 m (50 ft) across gaps in steep terrain, helped by their powerful hind legs and long balancing tail.

### Can snow leopards roar?

No. Unlike lions, tigers, and other big cats, snow leopards cannot roar. They communicate with sounds such as growls, hisses, mews, and a non-aggressive puffing call known as a chuff.

### Why are snow leopards endangered?

Snow leopards are listed as Vulnerable, threatened by poaching for their fur and bones, retaliatory killing by herders protecting livestock, loss of prey, and habitat degradation across their mountain range.

## Sources

- McCarthy, T. et al. (2017). Panthera uncia. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
- Nowak, R. M. (1999). Walker's Mammals of the World (6th ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press.
- [Animal Diversity Web — Panthera uncia. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology.](https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Panthera_uncia/)

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Source: Global Animal Guide (https://globalanimalguide.org/animals/snow-leopard/). Licensed CC BY-NC 4.0 — free for non-commercial reuse with attribution.