{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "Taxon",
  "slug": "european-robin",
  "name": "European Robin",
  "scientificName": "Erithacus rubecula",
  "category": "Bird",
  "summary": "The European robin (Erithacus rubecula) is a small, round garden bird instantly known by its orange-red breast and face. Found across woodland, gardens, parks, and hedgerows throughout Britain and Europe, it measures about 14 cm long and weighs just 16 to 22 g. This bold, territorial omnivore eats insects, worms, seeds, and berries, and though many die young it can live up to 8 years. It is listed as Least Concern.",
  "conservationStatus": "Least Concern",
  "taxonomy": {
    "kingdom": "Animalia",
    "phylum": "Chordata",
    "class": "Aves",
    "order": "Passeriformes",
    "family": "Muscicapidae",
    "genus": "Erithacus"
  },
  "stats": {
    "weightKg": 0.02,
    "lengthM": 0.14,
    "topSpeedKmh": 30,
    "lifespanYears": 8
  },
  "facts": [
    {
      "label": "Scientific name",
      "value": "Erithacus rubecula"
    },
    {
      "label": "Diet",
      "value": "Omnivore (insects, worms, seeds, berries)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Habitat",
      "value": "Woodland, gardens, parks, hedgerows"
    },
    {
      "label": "Lifespan",
      "value": "About 2 years average (up to 8)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Weight",
      "value": "16–22 g (0.6–0.8 oz)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Wingspan",
      "value": "20–22 cm (8–9 in)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Conservation status",
      "value": "Least Concern (IUCN)"
    }
  ],
  "range": {
    "nativeRange": "Woodland, gardens, and parks across Europe, parts of North Africa, and western Asia; resident throughout the UK year-round.",
    "continents": [
      "Europe",
      "Asia",
      "Africa"
    ]
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "citation": "IUCN Red List — Erithacus rubecula.",
      "url": "https://www.iucnredlist.org/search?query=Erithacus%20rubecula&searchType=species"
    },
    {
      "citation": "Animal Diversity Web — Erithacus rubecula. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology.",
      "url": "https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Erithacus_rubecula/"
    },
    {
      "citation": "Wikipedia — European Robin.",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_robin"
    }
  ],
  "lastReviewed": "2026-07-16",
  "canonicalUrl": "https://globalanimalguide.org/animals/european-robin/",
  "license": {
    "name": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
    "attribution": "Global Animal Guide — https://globalanimalguide.org/animals/european-robin/",
    "note": "Free to reuse for non-commercial purposes with attribution and a link back to the canonical page."
  }
}